I had to restore the database from July 6th and I went to phpMyAdmin and exported the database of sites I had made AFTER July 6th so that I could IMPORT them using phpMyAdmin afterwards. Files were not touched, just the database.

However, now when trying to make a new site, I get this error:

Create table error [1034] on query [CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS 3901islandknoll_k2_items LIKE `gottesma_joomla`.`jos_k2_items`]. DB Error: Incorrect key file for table 'jos_k2_items'; try to repair it SQL=CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS 3901islandknoll_k2_items LIKE `gottesma_joomla`.`jos_k2_items`

could you please tell me what this means?

This simply means that a MySQL table is not restored.
In other words, this probably mean that your backup didn't backup everything or that changes appears after the backup.