Q1) YES with JMS you can share the users between multiple websites.
Concerning the single sign-in (not have to logs into another site), this can work with website in subdirectory and sub-domain.
Concerning the single sign-in for different domain, we are working on a solution for such requirement and is not yet available.
The users will have to re-login (event when they have the users are shared) on the other domain.
Q2) YES JMS is able to recognize domain, sub-domain and sub-directories.
Q3) VirtueMart is independent for each website.
You make a configuration with the bridge for VirtueMart plugin that we propose in the case where you want to sale the service of website creation from the front-end. In this case, we have proposed the plugin to automate the ordering of a website creation from the front-end.
Q4) If your question concern the case where you share the users between the websites, the answer is NO.
In fact when you share the users between website, you create links between the MySQL tables.
So each website continue to access the users as usual.
So YES you can have login form in slave site and the data will be stored in the website database that you will have decided to save the users. This is not necessary the master website.
I suggest that you have a look in the video that present in the tutorial step 16
www.jms2win.com/tutorial#jms12x-16
that explain how to configure JMS when sharing the users.